The effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic status in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Feb 13, 2018Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

Vitamin D and probiotics together and their impact on mental health and metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients with heart disease

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Abstract

Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation led to significant improvements in mental health scores and metabolic indicators after 12 weeks among 60 diabetic individuals with coronary heart disease.

The Beck Depression Inventory score improved by 2.8 points in the supplemented group compared to the placebo.
Anxiety scores decreased by 2.1 points with supplementation compared to the placebo group's change.
Serum insulin levels decreased by 2.8 μIU/mL in the supplemented group, while the placebo group showed an increase.
Serum 25-OH-vitamin D levels increased by 11.8 ng/mL in the supplemented group, contrasting with minimal change in the placebo group.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels rose by 2.3 mg/dL in those receiving the supplements, compared to a decrease in the placebo group.

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BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic status in diabetic people with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out among 60 diabetic people with CHD, aged 45-85 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks plus 8 × 10 CFU/g probiotic of Lactocare Zisttakhmir Co (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and after the 12-week intervention to determine metabolic profiles. 9

RESULTS: After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation resulted in significant improvements in beck depression inventory total score (-2.8 ± 3.8 vs. -0.9 ± 2.1, P = 0.01), beck anxiety inventory scores (-2.1 ± 2.3 vs. -0.8 ± 1.4, P = 0.009) and general health questionnaire scores (-3.9 ± 4.1 vs. -1.1 ± 3.4, P = 0.005). Compared with the placebo, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation resulted in significant reductions in serum insulin levels (-2.8 ± 3.8 vs. +0.2 ± 4.9 μIU/mL, P = 0.009), homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-1.0 ± 1.6 vs. -0.1 ± 1.5, P = 0.02), and a significant increase in serum 25-OH-vitamin D (+11.8 ± 5.9 vs. +0.1 ± 1.4 ng/mL, P < 0.001), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.03 ± 0.04 vs. -0.001 ± 0.01, P = 0.003) and serum HDL-cholesterol levels (+2.3 ± 3.5 vs. -0.5 ± 3.8 mg/dL, P = 0.004). In addition, changes in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-950.0 ± 1811.2 vs. +260.5 ± 2298.2 ng/mL, P = 0.02), plasma nitric oxide (NO) (+1.7 ± 4.0 vs. -1.4 ± 6.7 μmol/L, P = 0.03) and plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+12.6 ± 41.6 vs. -116.9 ± 324.2 mmol/L, P = 0.03) in the supplemented group were significantly different from the changes in these indicators in the placebo group.

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation after 12 weeks among diabetic people with CHD had beneficial effects on mental health parameters, serum hs-CRP, plasma NO, TAC, glycemic control and HDL-cholesterol levels.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: http://www.irct.ir: IRCT2017073033941N4.

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The effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic status in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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