Actigraphy-derived circadian rhythms, sleep-wake patterns, and physical activity across clinical stages and pathophysiological subgroups in young people presenting for mental health care

Actigraphy data from 497 youth revealed significant differences in sleep-wake patterns associated with clinical stages of mental health disorders.

• Later clinical stages were significantly associated with longer sleep duration, later sleep midpoint, and lower sleep regularity compared to controls.
• Youth in later clinical stages exhibited lower relative amplitude of the rest-activity cycle and higher interdaily stability.
• Participants displayed lower total activity and less moderate-vigorous physical activity in later stages than those in earlier stages or controls.
• The 'circadian-bipolar spectrum' subgroup showed later sleep midpoint and higher interdaily stability compared to controls.
• The 'neurodevelopmental-psychosis' subgroup had longer sleep duration and lower total activity than controls.
• The 'hyperarousal-anxious depression' subtype demonstrated later sleep midpoint and lower sleep regularity compared to controls.

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