How Caffeine, Screen Time, and Social Factors May Affect Sleep Patterns and Mental Health in Hispanic Teens

Hispanic adolescents exhibited a later chronotype (Cohen's = 0.42) and greater social jet lag (Cohen's = 0.38) compared to non-Hispanic peers.

• Caffeine intake was higher among Hispanic adolescents (Cohen's = 0.22) but was not significantly associated with sleep outcomes.
• Screen time was more prevalent among Hispanic adolescents, especially on weekday evenings (Cohen's = 0.27) and weekend evenings (Cohen's = 0.35).
• Later chronotype and greater social jet lag were strongly associated with increased screen time.
• Higher perceived stress was linked to later chronotype and greater social jet lag.
• Depressive symptoms were associated with earlier chronotype and lower social jet lag.
• The structural equation model explained 12.9% of the variance in chronotype, 10.5% in social jet lag, and 6.2% in weekday sleep duration.

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