ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHRONOTYPE, SLEEP QUALITY, SUICIDALITY, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSION AND HEALTHY CONTROLS

Oct 26, 2010Chronobiology international

Links between sleep timing, sleep quality, suicidal thoughts, and depression symptoms in people with major depression and healthy individuals

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Abstract

Eighty patients with major depression and eighty healthy controls were assessed for sleep quality and suicidality.

Poor sleep quality and severity of depressive symptoms significantly predicted the onset of major depression.
Morningness-type circadian rhythm may act as a significant relief factor after the onset of major depression.
Chronotype and sleep quality did not significantly predict suicide ideation when controlling for depressive symptoms in the major depression group.
Suicide ideation and poor sleep quality were found to be antecedents of depression symptom severity in both patients with major depression and healthy controls.

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Research interest concerning associations between sleep characteristics and suicidality in psychopathology has been growing. However, possible linkages of suicidality to sleep characteristics in terms of sleep quality and chronotypes among depressive patients have not been well documented. In the current study, the authors investigated the possible effects of sleep quality and chronotype on the severity of depressive symptoms and suicide risk in patients with depressive disorder and healthy controls. The study was conducted on 80 patients clinically diagnosed with major depression and 80 healthy subjects who were demographically matched with the patient group. All participants completed a questionnaire package containing self-report measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Suicide Ideation Scale (SIS), and subjects were interviewed with the suicidality section of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results are as follows: (a) logistic regression analyses revealed that poor sleep quality and depression symptom severity significantly predicted onset of major depression; (b) morningness-type circadian rhythm may play as a significant relief factor after onset of major depression; (c) sleep variables of chronotype and sleep quality did not significantly predict suicide ideation after controlling for depressive symptoms in the major depression group; and (d) suicide ideation and poor sleep quality were antecedents of depression symptom severity in patients with major depression, and in healthy controls. Findings are discussed under the theoretical assumptions concerning possible relations between chronotype, sleep quality, depression, and suicidality.

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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHRONOTYPE, SLEEP QUALITY, SUICIDALITY, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSION AND HEALTHY CONTROLS

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