Translating around the clock: Multi-level regulation of post-transcriptional processes by the circadian clock

Circadian clock dysfunction is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and mood disorders.

• The circadian clock maintains optimal health by coordinating gene expression and metabolic processes across different tissues throughout the day.
• Dysfunction of the circadian clock has been linked to significant health issues, affecting physiological systems and contributing to various diseases.
• Post-transcriptional regulation by the circadian clock is crucial for maintaining tissue-specific biological rhythms, influencing RNA stability and localization.
• Rhythmic protein synthesis can occur even when mRNA levels do not show rhythmic patterns, highlighting the complexity of circadian regulation.
• The circadian clock also affects the initiation and elongation steps of protein synthesis through multiple regulatory pathways.
• Phylogenetic evidence suggests that the mechanisms of circadian regulation are conserved from humans to cyanobacteria.

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