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The circadian output signals from the suprachiasmatic nuclei
Daily timing signals from the brain's internal clock
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Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) generate an endogenous ∼24-h circadian rhythm that influences various daily body functions.
- Vasopressin may play a role in regulating circadian hormone rhythms.
- SCN-derived prokineticin 2 (PK2) could be involved in controlling other circadian rhythms, such as locomotor activity, body temperature, and energy metabolism.
- Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α) and cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC) may also serve as output factors in circadian rhythm regulation.
- The firing activity of SCN neurons is likely a critical mechanism for output signaling related to circadian rhythms.
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