Circadian Rhythm, Clock Genes, and Hypertension: Recent Advances in Hypertension

Oct 4, 2021Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

The Role of Body Clock and Its Genes in High Blood Pressure

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Abstract

Disruption of the circadian rhythm of blood pressure is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.

The molecular circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure.
Circadian rhythms are influenced by both light and food cues.
Peripheral clocks in various tissues, including smooth muscle and adipose tissue, are implicated in blood pressure regulation.
Dysregulation of circadian blood pressure rhythms is linked to negative cardiorenal outcomes.
Recent advances highlight the importance of peripheral clocks in blood pressure control.

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Accumulating evidence suggests that the molecular circadian clock is crucial in blood pressure (BP) control. Circadian rhythms are controlled by the central clock, which resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and peripheral clocks throughout the body. Both light and food cues entrain these clocks but whether these cues are important for the circadian rhythm of BP is a growing area of interest. The peripheral clocks in the smooth muscle, perivascular adipose tissue, liver, adrenal gland, and kidney have been recently implicated in the regulation of BP rhythm. Dysregulation of the circadian rhythm of BP is associated with adverse cardiorenal outcomes and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in peripheral clocks as BP regulators, highlight the adverse outcomes of disrupted circadian BP rhythm in hypertension, and provide insight into potential future work in areas exploring the circadian clock in BP control and chronotherapy. A better understanding of peripheral clock function in regulating the circadian rhythm of BP will help pave the way for targeted therapeutics in the treatment of circadian BP dysregulation and hypertension.

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Circadian Rhythm, Clock Genes, and Hypertension: Recent Advances in Hypertension

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Recent issues from the circadian biology brief