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Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapies have shown benefit in some cancers, but most 'immune-cold' solid tumors remain unresponsive.
- The transition from 'cold' to 'hot' tumors is hindered by diverse immune evasion mechanisms.
- Understanding local and systemic regulatory mechanisms is crucial for enhancing immune responses in tumors.
- Tumor immunotyping, which involves assessing multiple immunological variables, may inform the development of effective therapies.
- Challenges exist in applying immunophenotyping to convert cold tumors into hot ones, impacting the design of combination immunotherapies.
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