Conflicts of Interest: JNR and CB: no competing interests. SAR: Potential conflicts of interest include patents for prevention of circadian rhythm disruption by using optical filters and improving sleep performance in subject exposed to light at night; SAR owns equity in Melcort Inc.; SAR is a co-investigator on studies sponsored by Biological Illuminations, LLC; Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. SAR has provided paid consulting services to Sultan & Knight Limited; Bambu Vault, LLC. JO has patents in the area of photic control of uterine contractions and is a pro bono member of the Board of KynderMed, Inc. (a Women’s Health Company). CAC has received consulting fees from or served as a paid member of scientific advisory boards for: Columbia River Bar Pilots; Ganésco Inc.; Institute of Digital Media and Child Development; Klarman Family Foundation; Samsung Electronics; Vanda Pharmaceuticals; and Washington State Board of Pilotage Commissioners and Zurich Insurance Company, Ltd. Dr. Czeisler has also received education/research support from Optum, Philips Respironics, Inc., San Francisco Bar Pilots, Schneider Inc., Sysco, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals. The Sleep and Health Education Program of the Harvard Medical School Division of Sleep Medicine, and the Sleep Matters Initiative (which Dr. Czeisler directs) have received funding for educational activities from Cephalon, Inc., Jazz Pharmaceuticals, ResMed, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd., Sanofi-Aventis, Inc., Sepracor, Inc., Wake Up Narcolepsy, and Mary Ann & Stanley Snider via Combined Jewish Philanthropies. Dr. Czeisler is the incumbent of an endowed professorship provided to Harvard University by Cephalon, Inc. and holds a number of process patents in the field of sleep/circadian rhythms (e.g., photic resetting of the human circadian pacemaker). Since 1985, Dr. Czeisler has also served as an expert on various legal and technical cases related to sleep and/or circadian rhythms including those involving the following commercial entities: Complete General Construction Company, FedEx, Greyhound, HG Energy LLC, South Carolina Central Railroad Co., Steel Warehouse Inc., Stric-Lan Companies LLC and United Parcel Service (UPS). Dr. Czeisler owns or owned an equity interest in Vanda Pharmaceuticals. He received royalties from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt/Penguin, McGraw Hill and Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. for the Actiwatch-2 and Actiwatch-Spectrum devices. EBK: Potential conflicts of interest include consulting for Pfizer and travel support from the Sleep Research Society and the National Sleep Foundation. SAR, CB, CAC, JNR and EBK interests are reviewed and managed by Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict of interest policies.
PubMed
