Evaluation of gastric content in fasting patient during semaglutide use: an observational study

Sep 29, 2024Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery

Stomach contents in fasting patients taking semaglutide: an observational study

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Abstract

73% of volunteers using semaglutide showed a full stomach after fasting.

The semaglutide group had a significantly higher prevalence of full stomach compared to the control group (73% vs. 7%).
Early satiety was reported by 67% of those in the semaglutide group, while none in the control group experienced it.
Loss of appetite was observed in 67% of the semaglutide group, with no instances in the control group.
53% of volunteers using semaglutide reported gastric fullness, compared to none in the control group.
Nausea occurred in 47% of the semaglutide group, whereas only 7% of the control group reported nausea.
All participants in the semaglutide group had gastric contents, with no cases of an empty stomach.

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BACKGROUND: The evident influence of GLP-1 agonists as semaglutide on gastric emptying even in adherence to recommended fasting protocols instigates debates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of semaglutide on gastric content by gastric ultrasonography in volunteers.

SETTING: Private hospital.

METHODS: The present study is an observational, cross-sectional, and single-center study. We included 30 consecutive volunteers aged ≥18 years who had undergone a minimum fasting period of 8 hours for solid foods and 2 hours for clear, residue-free liquids. The intervention group consisted of 15 volunteers who had used semaglutide within the last 7 days, whereas the control group consisted of 15 volunteers who had never used semaglutide. The main objective was to determine whether the stomach was full or not.

RESULTS: Between June 2023 and August 2023, a total of 30 adult volunteers were included in the study, and no participant was excluded. The semaglutide group exhibited a higher prevalence of full stomach (11 of 15 [73%] versus 1 of 15 [7%], P < .001; adjusted to age P = .003). The semaglutide group also exhibited a higher prevalence of early satiety (10 of 15 [67%] versus 0 of 15 [0%], P < .001), loss of appetite (10 of 15 [67%] versus 0 of 15 [0%], P < .001), gastric fullness (8 of 15 [53%] versus 0 of 15 [0%], P = .002), and nausea (7 of 15 [47%] versus 1 of 15 [7%], P = .035). Additionally, there is no case in the semaglutide group with no gastric contents.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of semaglutide is associated with full stomach even after appropriate overnight fasting. Semaglutide is also associated with increased gastrointestinal symptoms such as loss of appetite, early satiety, gastric fullness, and nausea.

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Evaluation of gastric content in fasting patient during semaglutide use: an observational study

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