Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Heart Effects and Tolerability of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Drugs

Updated

Abstract

In a meta-analysis of 21 trials involving 99,599 patients, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) significantly reduced all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events compared to controls.

  • GLP-1 RAs are associated with a 12% reduction in all-cause death and a 13% reduction in cardiovascular death compared to controls.
  • Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) decreased by 13% with GLP-1 RA treatment, indicating cardiovascular benefits.
  • Serious adverse events were reduced by 9%, while risks of gastrointestinal and gallbladder disorders increased by 63% and 26%, respectively.
  • No significant differences were observed in the rates of stroke, pancreatitis, or neoplasms between treatment and control groups.
  • Results were consistent across various subgroups, suggesting homogeneous effects among different populations.

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Funding

Competing interests

Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Galli has received consulting fees from Genomadix; is the principal investigator of the following active grant: Sapienza University of Rome (Grant protocol n. RG1241910F5A1A50); and is an associate editor at European Heart Journal. Dr Federici has received consulting fees or honoraria from Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. Dr Mehran has received institutional research funding from Abbott, Abiomed, Alleviant Medical, AM-Pharma, Amgen, Arena, AstraZeneca, Atricure, Bayer, Biosensors, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, CardiaWave, CeloNova, Chiesi, Concept Medical, CSL Behring, Cytosorbents, Daiichi-Sankyo, Element Science, Faraday, Humacyte, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Medtronic, Novartis, OrbusNeich, PhaseBio, Philips, Pi-Cardia, RenalPro, Shockwave, Vivasure, and Zoll; has received personal fees from Cine-Med Research and WebMD; has equity <1% in Applied Therapeutics, Elixir Medical, Stel, and ControlRad (spouse); serves on scientific advisory board for the American Medical Association, American College of Cardiology (board of trustees member), Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (Women in Innovations committee member), and an associate editor at JAMA; and is unpaid faculty of the Cardiovascular Research Foundation. Dr Angiolillo has received consulting fees or honoraria from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Biosensors, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chiesi, CSL Behring, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Faraday, Haemonetics, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, PhaseBio, PLx Pharma, Pfizer, and Sanofi; and his institution has received research grants from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Biosensors, CeloNova, CSL Behring, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Faraday, Gilead, Idorsia, Janssen, Matsutani Chemical Industry Co, Merck, Novartis, and the Scott R. MacKenzie Foundation. Dr Sciarretta has received honoraria for speeches and/or advisory board participation from Novo Nordisk. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
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