Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Mediated Weight Loss and Diabetes Mellitus Benefits: A Narrative Review

Jan 22, 2025Cureus

Weight Loss and Diabetes Benefits of Drugs That Activate the GLP-1 Receptor

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Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are important for managing obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

GLP-1 RAs mimic the effects of the natural hormone GLP-1 to help regulate blood sugar levels and promote weight loss.
They may offer additional benefits for cardiovascular and kidney health.
Recent clinical studies suggest GLP-1 RAs could be effective for both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals.
The review highlights the need for further research to clarify the broader benefits of GLP-1 RAs.

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Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are chronic diseases with increasing prevalence, underscoring the urgent need for effective treatment and management strategies. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as an essential class of drugs for managing both obesity and T2DM, offering additional benefits for cardiovascular and kidney health. GLP-1 RAs work by targeting GLP-1 receptors, mimicking the effects of the natural hormone GLP-1 to regulate blood glucose levels, promote weight loss, and provide potential benefits for cardiovascular health. This narrative review evaluates the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and broader roles of GLP-1 RAs in promoting weight loss and glycemic control. In addition, the present investigation explores recent clinical studies demonstrating the effectiveness of GLP-1 RAs in diabetic and nondiabetic populations, highlighting their potential in addressing obesity even in those without T2DM and describing probable benefits to cardiovascular health. Finally, our investigation outlines the importance of future research to further define the potential benefits of GLP-1 RAs.

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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Mediated Weight Loss and Diabetes Mellitus Benefits: A Narrative Review

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