Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease outcomes

📖 Top 20% JournalFeb 10, 2025Scientific reports

Drugs that activate glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors improve fatty liver disease linked to metabolism problems

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GLP-1 Therapies on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗OA ↗

Abstract

Usage of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists in patients with is associated with a 303% lower risk of all-cause mortality at 7 years.

Patients using GLP-1 agonists showed a 28% lower risk of heart failure after 7 years.
The risk of composite cardiovascular events was 41% lower in the GLP-1 agonist group at 7 years.
Clinically significant portal hypertension events were observed to be 54% less likely in patients using GLP-1 agonists after 7 years.
These associations remained consistent over 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year follow-ups.

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(MASLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the association of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists with major cardiovascular events, clinically significant portal hypertension events, and all-cause mortality in patients with MASLD. A large, population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX platform, which provided real-time access to electronic health records of 634,265 adult patients with MASLD/MASH. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to create two cohorts: A GLP-1 agonists group and a control group without GLP-1 agonists usage. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models along with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses to estimate outcomes at the end of 1, 3, 5, and 7 years. After PSM, 6,243 patients were included in each group. The GLP-1 agonist group had significantly lower risk of heart failure (at 7 years, HR, 0.721; 95% Cl, 0.593-0.876), composite cardiovascular events (at years 7, HR, 0.594; 95% Cl, 0.475-0.745), clinically significant portal hypertension events (at 7 years, HR, 0.463; 95% Cl, 0.348-0.611), and all-cause mortality (at 7 years, HR, 0.303; 95% Cl, 0.239-0.385). These results were consistent at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-years post index event. GLP-1 agonists usage in patients with MASLD is associated with reduced risk of major cardiovascular events, clinically significant portal hypertension, and all-cause mortality. These findings highlight the potential of GLP-1 agonists in MASLD/MASH management, warranting further prospective studies.

Key numbers

0.721

Decrease in Heart Failure Risk

at 7 years for group vs. control group

0.463

Decrease in Risk

at 7 years for group vs. control group

0.303

Decrease in Risk

at 7 years for group vs. control group

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