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Harnessing the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Routes to Personalized Medicine—A Systematic Review
Using the Gut Microbiome to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy: How It Works, Challenges, and Personalized Approaches
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Abstract
may enhance immunotherapy outcomes by modulating immune responses and improving diversity.
- The gut microbiome influences immune responses through mechanisms such as the production of short chain fatty acids and specific immune-modulating compounds.
- Probiotics are associated with enhanced anti-inflammatory responses and increased CD8+ T-cell activity, indicating a potential synergistic effect with .
- The composition of gut microbiota is key in determining the effectiveness of immunotherapy, particularly in patients who have previously shown resistance to treatment.
- Personalized probiotics tailored to individual microbiota may improve treatment outcomes, though challenges such as treatment resistance and compromised mucosal integrity need to be addressed.
- Effective drug delivery mechanisms remain a significant barrier to the widespread adoption of probiotics in immunotherapy.
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