Concise Review: Multifaceted Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine

Oct 28, 2017Stem cells translational medicine

Overview of Human Stem Cells and Their Features for Use in Tissue Repair

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Abstract

(MSC) may enhance tissue repair through their secretory factors and differentiation abilities.

MSCs can self-renew and differentiate into specific cell types like bone and cartilage cells.
They play a role in tissue development, maintenance, and repair, particularly for age-related orthopedic diseases.
Secretory factors produced by MSCs support tissue repair and are important for their functions in the body.
Standardized protocols for preparing and characterizing MSCs are essential for their effective clinical use.
Quality control for MSCs should include assessments of cell surface markers, differentiation potential, and other critical parameters.

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(MSC) hold great potential for regenerative medicine because of their ability for self-renewal and differentiation into tissue-specific cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs orchestrate tissue development, maintenance and repair, and are useful for musculoskeletal regenerative therapies to treat age-related orthopedic degenerative diseases and other clinical conditions. Importantly, MSCs produce secretory factors that play critical roles in tissue repair that support both engraftment and trophic functions (autocrine and paracrine). The development of uniform protocols for both preparation and characterization of MSCs, including standardized functional assays for evaluation of their biological potential, are critical factors contributing to their clinical utility. Quality control and release criteria for MSCs should include cell surface markers, differentiation potential, and other essential cell parameters. For example, cell surface marker profiles (surfactome), bone-forming capacities in ectopic and orthotopic models, as well as cell size and granularity, telomere length, senescence status, trophic factor secretion (secretome), and immunomodulation, should be thoroughly assessed to predict MSC utility for regenerative medicine. We propose that these and other functionalities of MSCs should be characterized prior to use in clinical applications as part of comprehensive and uniform guidelines and release criteria for their clinical-grade production to achieve predictably favorable treatment outcomes for stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:2173-2185.

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Concise Review: Multifaceted Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine

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