Relationship of light to moderate alcohol consumption and risk of hypertension in Japanese male office workers.

Aug 10, 2002Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research

Light to moderate alcohol drinking and risk of high blood pressure in Japanese male office workers

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Abstract

The incidence of hypertension was lowest in nondrinkers and increased in a dose-dependent manner with alcohol consumption.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were lowest in nondrinkers across all age groups (23-35, 36-47, and 45-59 years).
Men aged 23 to 35 who consumed an average of >=23 g/day of ethanol had significantly higher blood pressure and hypertension incidence than nondrinkers.
For men aged 36 to 59, diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher among all drinkers compared to nondrinkers.
Systolic blood pressure and hypertension incidence were significantly higher in men aged 36 to 59 who consumed >=12 g/day of ethanol compared to nondrinkers.
Light to moderate alcohol consumption may influence blood pressure in young and middle-aged Japanese men.

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BACKGROUND: A close relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension has been established, but the effect of light to moderate alcohol consumption on blood pressure (BP) remains unclear.

METHODS: A total of 5275 Japanese male office workers aged 23 to 59 years partook in a survey. Subjects were classified as nondrinkers or current drinkers who averaged less than 12, 12 to 22, 23 to 45, or > or =46 g/day of ethanol. BPs were measured at annual health examinations from May 1996 through May 2000. A total of 3784 hypertension-free (systolic BP <140 mm Hg, diastolic BP <90 mm Hg, no medication for hypertension, and no history of hypertension) men were observed for 4 years. Men in whom hypertension (systolic BP > or =140 mm Hg, diastolic BP > or =90 mm Hg, or both or receipt of antihypertensive medication) was found during repeated surveys were defined as incident cases of hypertension.

RESULTS: After controlling for potential predictors of hypertension, systolic and diastolic BP levels and the incidence of hypertension were lowest in nondrinkers in all three age ranges (23-35, 36-47, and 45-59 years) and increased in a dose-dependent manner as alcohol consumption increased. For individuals aged 23 to 35 years, systolic and diastolic BP levels and the incidence of hypertension were significantly higher among those who drank an average of > or =23 g/day of ethanol than among nondrinkers. For those aged 36 to 59, the diastolic BP level was significantly higher among those who drank any alcohol at all than among nondrinkers, and the systolic BP level and the incidence of hypertension were significantly higher among those who drank an average of > or =12 g/day of ethanol than among nondrinkers.

CONCLUSIONS: Light to moderate alcohol consumption seems to have an important influence on BP in both young and middle-aged Japanese men.

Relationship of light to moderate alcohol consumption and risk of hypertension in Japanese male office workers.

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