Lymphocyte Circadian Clocks Control Lymph Node Trafficking and Adaptive Immune Responses

Jan 15, 2017Immunity

Daily rhythms in immune cells influence their movement in lymph nodes and immune responses

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Abstract

Lymphocyte migration through lymph nodes occurs in a non-continuous, circadian manner.

  • Homing of lymphocytes to lymph nodes peaks at night onset, while cell exit occurs during the day.
  • Significant oscillations in lymphocyte numbers are observed in both lymph nodes and efferent lymph fluid.
  • Rhythmic expression of factors that promote migration in lymphocytes is crucial for this circadian pattern.
  • Dendritic cell counts also exhibit peaks in sync with lymphocyte activity.
  • Diurnal variations in disease severity following immunization for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are noted.
  • Disruption of T cell clocks eliminates these circadian patterns, highlighting the importance of timing in immune responses.

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