Mindfulness and self-compassion along the chronotype: a cross-sectional study

Feb 19, 2019Chronobiology international

Mindfulness and self-compassion vary with natural sleep-wake patterns

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Abstract

A sample of 483 participants revealed that morning-type individuals exhibited higher levels of mindfulness and self-compassion compared to evening-types.

Morning-types scored higher in 'acting with awareness' than both intermediate and evening-types.
Morning-types demonstrated elevated levels of 'mindfulness' and 'overall self-compassion' compared to intermediate and evening-types.
Other examined associations between chronotype and mindfulness-related variables were not statistically significant.
These findings suggest that morningness may be linked to certain positive mental health indicators.

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It is well established in the literature that morning-type individuals present better health indicators than evening-types. Mindfulness is considered an adaptive self-regulation skill associated with well-being and physical and mental health. However, there is scarce studies that relate chronotype and mindfulness. Thus, in this research, our aim was to study the relationship between chronotype and mindfulness-related variables. For this purpose, a sample composed of 483 participants from the community was recruited through an online survey and invited to fill out the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Self-Compassion Scale, and the Composite Morningness Scale. Regarding mindfulness measure, the results indicated that morning-types presented higher levels of "acting with awareness" than intermediate and evening-types. Additionally, as to self-compassion measure, morning-types presented higher levels of "mindfulness" and "overall self-compassion" than intermediate and evening-types. The remaining associations examined were not statistically significant. In sum, the morning-types showed higher scores in some of the mindfulness and self-compassion scales which seem to suggest that this morningness tendency may function as protective factor concerning eventual disorders´ development. Nonetheless, more systematic studies are needed to better understand this association and subsequently foster changes for psychological intervention.

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Mindfulness and self-compassion along the chronotype: a cross-sectional study

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