Night work and prostate cancer risk: results from the EPICAP Study

Jun 21, 2018Occupational and environmental medicine

Night work and the risk of prostate cancer: findings from the EPICAP study

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Abstract

Night work is not associated with prostate cancer, but long-term permanent night work may increase the risk of aggressive forms of the disease.

Men with an evening chronotype may have an increased risk of prostate cancer (OR=1.83).
A duration of at least 20 years of permanent night work is associated with aggressive prostate cancer (OR=1.76).
Long shifts greater than 10 hours combined with long durations of night work may further elevate the risk of aggressive prostate cancer (OR=4.64).
Working six or more consecutive nights is also linked to an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer (OR=2.43).
Overall, night work—both permanent and rotating—does not appear to be associated with prostate cancer.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of night work in prostate cancer based on data from the EPICAP Study.

METHODS: EPICAP is a French population-based case-control study including 818 incident prostate cancer cases and 875 frequency-matched controls that have been interviewed face to face on several potential risk factors including lifetime occupational history. Detailed information on work schedules for each job (permanent or rotating night work, duration, total number of nights, length of the shift, number of consecutive nights) as well as sleep duration and chronotype, was gathered. Prostate cancer aggressiveness was assessed by Gleason Score.

RESULTS: Night work was not associated with prostate cancer, whatever the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, while we observed an overall increased risk among men with an evening chronotype (OR=1.83, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.19). A long duration of at least 20 years of permanent night work was associated with aggressive prostate cancer (OR=1.76, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.75), even more pronounced in combination with a shift length >10 hours or ≥ 6 consecutive nights (OR=4.64, 95% CI 1.78 to 12.13; OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.47, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Overall, ever night work, either permanent or rotating, was not associated to prostate cancer. Nevertheless, our results suggest that a long duration of permanent night work in combination with a long shift length or at least six consecutive nights may be associated with prostate cancer, particularly with aggressive prostate cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm those findings.

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Night work and prostate cancer risk: results from the EPICAP Study

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