Treadmill exercise enhances synaptic plasticity, but does not alter β-amyloid deposition in hippocampi of aged APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Apr 29, 2015Neuroscience

Treadmill exercise improves brain connection changes but does not reduce harmful protein buildup in memory areas of older Alzheimer's model mice

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Abstract

5-month treadmill exercise improves spatial learning and memory in aged APP/PS1 mice.

Treadmill exercise was initiated at a stage with developed Aβ deposition in 17-month-old APP/PS1 mice.
Exercise led to improvements in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity despite existing Aβ deposits.
A significant reduction in soluble Aβ levels was observed following the exercise intervention.
Changes in soluble Aβ levels, rather than Aβ plaque deposition, are associated with the cognitive and synaptic benefits from exercise.

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Several studies reveal that the beneficial effects of exercise interventions are dependent on the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have previously shown that long-term treadmill exercise begun before the onset of β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology prevents the deficits of cognition and long-term potentiation (LTP) in amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic mice (8 months of age) paralleled by the reduction of soluble Aβ levels and Aβ deposition in the hippocampus. In the present study, treadmill exercise was initiated at a developed Aβ deposition stage in order to further investigate whether or not treadmill exercise in this phase can delay the progression of AD in aged APP/PS1 mice (17 months of age). Our results show that 5-month treadmill exercise ameliorates the impairment of spatial learning and memory with age paralleled by synaptic plasticity enhancement in aged APP/PS1 mice. In addition, exercise-induced enhancement of synaptic plasticity was accompanied by a significant reduction of soluble Aβ levels rather than Aβ plaque deposition. Therefore, the investigation demonstrates that long-term treadmill exercise has beneficial effects on cognition and synaptic plasticity even when the brain has developed Aβ deposition, and changes in soluble Aβ levels rather than Aβ plaque deposition may contribute to exercise-induced benefits.

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Treadmill exercise enhances synaptic plasticity, but does not alter β-amyloid deposition in hippocampi of aged APP/PS1 transgenic mice

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