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Abstract
Weight loss favored bariatric surgery (BS) over glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) after one year, with a mean difference of -19.78 kg.
- No significant weight loss difference was observed at 6 months (mean difference -12.19 kg; p = 0.13).
- Bariatric surgery showed significantly greater weight loss at ≤ 1 year (mean difference -16.97 kg; p = 0.02) and > 1 year (mean difference -19.78 kg; p < 0.001).
- BMI reduction consistently favored bariatric surgery at multiple time points: 6 months (mean difference -6.77 kg/m; p = 0.02), ≤ 1 year (mean difference -5.10 kg/m; p < 0.001), and > 1 year (mean difference -6.61 kg/m; p < 0.001).
- Greater reductions in HbA1c were associated with bariatric surgery beyond one year (mean difference -1.69%; p < 0.001).
- Fasting glucose levels were lower overall with bariatric surgery (mean difference -1.22 mmol/L; p = 0.03).
- No significant differences were found in serum lipids and blood pressure between the two treatments.
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