Polimery w medycynieJul 10, 2026

Biotech approaches to fight antibiotic resistance

CRISPR Gene Editing Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗OA ↗

Updated Jul 14, 2026

Abstract

Phage therapy may effectively target antibiotic-resistant pathogens, especially when using phage cocktails and genetically engineered phages.

Four major biotechnological antimicrobial strategies are evaluated: phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, nanoparticles, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
Genetic engineering advances allow for precise targeting and elimination of antibiotic resistance genes.
Antimicrobial peptides can be structurally optimized to enhance their stability and selectivity against a range of pathogens.
CRISPR-Cas9 systems enable the targeted removal of resistance genes or disruption of pathogen genomes.
Nanotechnology aids in drug delivery, penetration of biofilms, and enhances bactericidal activity through metal-based nanoparticles.
All approaches have potential for synergistic use alongside conventional antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance.

Simplified

This article aims to present the current state of knowledge on four major biotechnological antimicrobial strategies and to evaluate their potential clinical applications in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance. Approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, nanoparticles, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may significantly contribute to limiting the spread of resistance genes. Particular attention is given to advances in genetic engineering that enable precise targeting and elimination of resistance determinants, as well as to the therapeutic potential of the microbiome. A literature review of studies published between 2010 and 2025 was conducted using the following keywords: antimicrobial resistance, phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9, AMPs, and nanotechnology. Both review articles and original studies, including preclinical and clinical data, were considered. Phage therapy demonstrates high efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, particularly in the form of phage cocktails and genetically engineered phages. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit broad-spectrum activity and can be structurally optimized to improve stability and selectivity. CRISPR-Cas9 systems enable targeted elimination of resistance genes or direct disruption of pathogen genomes, while nanotechnology facilitates drug delivery, biofilm penetration, and bactericidal activity, particularly through metal-based nanoparticles. Notably, all approaches show potential for synergistic use with conventional antibiotics. Biotechnological treatment strategies may become a key component in combating antibiotic resistance. However, their clinical implementation requires further research, comprehensive safety evaluation, regulatory development, and integration into medical practice. Advances in these areas could significantly reduce the global burden of infectious diseases.

Biotech approaches to fight antibiotic resistance

Abstract

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You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

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