Bmal1 promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis by upregulating Ptgs2 transcription in response to increasing estradiol levels in day 4 pregnant mice

Rhythmic expression of core clock genes in the mouse uterus occurs from days 3.5 to 4.5 of pregnancy.

• Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) may be regulated by the circadian clock in response to steroid hormones during early pregnancy.
• Progesterone treatment of endometrial stromal cells can induce a phase shift in circadian oscillations.
• Estradiol treatment in the presence of progesterone increases the amplitude of these oscillations and promotes prostaglandin E synthesis.
• Depleting specific clock genes in endometrial stromal cells could decrease the expression of other clock genes and inhibit prostaglandin E synthesis.
• The expression of clock genes and PTGS2 is significantly decreased in the uterus of mice when specific clock genes are knocked down.

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