Daily body clocks control bone cell renewal by increasing specific immune cells through gut bacteria

Circadian-misaligned feeding in male mice was linked to bone loss through a gut microbiota-Th17-osteomorph pathway.

This animal study used long-term rest-phase time-restricted feeding and fecal microbiota transplantation into germ-free mice to test microbiome, immune-cell, osteoclast-recycling, and bone changes.

Findings come from male mouse and germ-free recipient models, so human relevance, sex differences, and real-world feeding disruption remain unresolved.