Guidelines for Treating Dementia and Its Behavioral Symptoms: Introduction, Methods, and Overview

Experts reached high consensus on treatment options for dementia and its behavioral disturbances.

• Control of hypertension and diabetes is recommended for patients at risk for dementia.
• Cholinesterase inhibitors, particularly donepezil and galantamine, are preferred for mild cognitive impairment and mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia.
• Combination therapy with a cholinesterase inhibitor and an NMDA antagonist may be considered if monotherapy is inadequate.
• Nonpharmacological interventions, such as caregiver education and exercise programs, are emphasized for managing mild to moderate dementia.
• For agitation related to delirium or psychosis, atypical antipsychotics are recommended, with divalproex considered for managing anger.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are advised for treating depression or anxiety, while trazodone is suggested for insomnia.

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