Data from 10,590 participants indicates significant associations between (PM) exposure, , and cancer incidence.
Long-term exposure to air pollutants, particularly PM, is linked to increased cancer risk.
Diabetes may act as a mediator in the relationship between PM exposure and cancer development.
Significant direct effects of PM on cancer incidence were confirmed through statistical analysis.
Conditional independence tests support the interaction between diabetes and PM in influencing cancer risk.
Specific air pollutants, including ammonium and nitrate, also show associations with cancer incidence.
Simplified
Long-term exposure to air pollutants and are both linked to cancer development. However, their combined effect remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between air pollutants and cancer incidence, with diabetes as a potential mediator. Data from 10,590 participants in the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed. Participants were grouped based on cancer diagnosis, and air pollutant exposure levels were estimated using satellite-based spatiotemporal models. Generalized linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to assess the impact of air pollutants and diabetes in covariates-adjusted models. Further analyses, including conditional independence test, mediation effect and sensitivity analysis based on Bayesian networks, were performed to further analyze specific air pollutants. After adjusting for covariates, (PM) (PM ≤ 1 μm in aerodynamic diameter [PM], PM, ammonium (NH), nitrate (NO) and diabetes showed significant associations with cancer incidence. RCS analysis confirmed significant direct effects of PMand PMon cancer and the mediated effects of diabetes. The interaction between diabetes and both PMand PMwas further supported by conditional independence tests, highlighting diabetes as a significant mediator in the PM-cancer relationship. This study offers a novel perspective by identifying diabetes as a key intermediary in the association between PMexposure and cancer risk, providing evidence that diabetes plays a significant mediating role in air pollutant-related cancer development. 1 2.5 4 3 2.5 10 2.5 10 2.5 2.5
Key numbers
1.10
Cancer Odds Increase with
Odds Ratio for in relation to cancer risk.
10,590
Total Participants Analyzed
Number of individuals included in the study analysis.
45.1 µg/m
Average PM2.5 Level
Mean concentration of PM2.5 in the study population.
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Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Medical Ethics Board Committee of Peking University granted the study an exemption from review.
