Diurnal Control of Blood Pressure Is Uncoupled From Sodium Excretion

Apr 21, 2020Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

Daily Blood Pressure Patterns Are Separate From Salt Removal

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Abstract

Male and female rats exhibited significantly reduced mean arterial pressure over 24 hours compared to controls.

The regulation of sodium excretion by the time of day is dependent on the Bmal1 gene in rats.
Male rats showed no significant difference in sodium excretion between active and inactive periods.
Female rats had significantly greater sodium excretion during active periods compared to inactive periods.
Circadian mean arterial pressure patterns remained intact in both sexes of rats, differing from observations in mice.
There is a clear dissociation between circadian blood pressure control and sodium excretion that varies by sex.

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The diurnal rhythms of sodium handling and blood pressure are thought to be regulated by clock genes, such as Bmal1. However, little is known about the regulation of these factors by Bmal1, especially in rats. Using a novel whole-body Bmal1 knockout rat model (), we hypothesized that time of day regulation of sodium excretion is dependent on Bmal1. Using telemetry to continuously record mean arterial pressure, we observed that male and femalerats had significantly reduced mean arterial pressure over the course of 24 hours compared with littermate controls. The circadian mean arterial pressure pattern remained intact in both sexes ofrats, which is in contrast to themouse model. Malerats had no significant difference in baseline sodium excretion between 12-hour active and inactive periods, indicating a lack of diurnal control independent of maintained mean arterial pressure rhythms. Femalerats, however, had significantly greater sodium excretion during the active versus inactive period similar to controls. Thus, we observed a clear dissociation between circadian blood pressure and control of sodium excretion that is sex dependent. These findings are consistent with a more robust ability of females to maintain control of sodium excretion, and furthermore, demonstrate a novel role for Bmal1 in control of diurnal blood pressure independent of sodium excretion. Bmal1Bmal1Bmal1Bmal1Bmal1Bmal1 -/--/--/--/--/--/-

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Diurnal Control of Blood Pressure Is Uncoupled From Sodium Excretion

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