A High‐Fat Diet Has a Tissue‐Specific Effect on Adiponectin and Related Enzyme Expression

Dec 26, 2006Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

A high-fat diet changes adiponectin and related enzymes differently in various tissues

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Abstract

Mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited a 51% reduction in adiponectin RNA expression in adipose tissue.

High-fat diet mice gained significantly more weight compared to control mice.
Abnormal glucose tolerance test curves were observed in high-fat diet mice.
Insulin resistance was elevated in high-fat diet mice, with a homeostasis model assessment score of 5.3 compared to 2.8 in controls.
AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA expression was reduced by 15% and 25%, respectively, in the liver of high-fat diet mice.
In muscle tissue, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA expression increased by 25% and 30%, respectively, in high-fat diet mice.
Activity of adiponectin-related enzymes was impaired in skeletal muscles of high-fat diet mice.

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to test whether adiponectin plays a role in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and acts as a mediator to induce or inhibit specific metabolic pathways involved in lipid metabolism

RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Forty C57BL/6J male mice were fed either a high-fat (HF) or control diet for 4 months, and adiponectin, its receptors, and enzyme expression in liver and muscle tissue were measured.

RESULTS: Mice fed the HF diet exhibited significantly greater weight gain, abnormal oral glucose tolerance test curves, and elevated homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (5.3 +/- 0.89 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.39). A significant reduction of adiponectin RNA expression (51%) and protein levels (15%) was observed in the adipose tissue of HF animals; however, serum adiponectin levels did not differ between groups (7.12 +/- 0.34 mug/mL vs. 6.44 +/- 0.38 microg/mL). Expression of hepatic mRNA of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was reduced by 15% and 25%, respectively, in animals fed the HF diet. In contrast, receptor mRNA expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 increased by 25% and 30%, respectively, in muscle tissue. No effect was found on hepatic adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase expression; however, a significant reduction of phosphoadenosine monophosphate kinase levels in muscles was observed. Hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase was similar between groups, but in muscles, the inactive form phosphoacetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase was significantly reduced (p < 0.05).

DISCUSSION: The HF diet led to decreased insulin sensitivity accompanied by impaired activity of adiponectin-related enzymes in skeletal muscles but not in the liver. These results suggest that the HF diet has a tissue-specific effect on adiponectin and associated enzyme expression.

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A High‐Fat Diet Has a Tissue‐Specific Effect on Adiponectin and Related Enzyme Expression

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