Life’s Essential 8 and Mortality in US Adults With Obesity: A Cohort Study

Sep 6, 2024Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

Key Health Factors and Death Risk in Obese US Adults

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Abstract

Over a median follow-up of 7.3 years, there were 867 all-cause deaths (9.5%) among 9143 obese participants.

Higher scores on the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scoring system are associated with lower all-cause mortality rates among obese individuals.
The Moderate cardiovascular health (CVH) group had a 37% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to the Low CVH group.
The High CVH group exhibited a 75% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to the Low CVH group.
Each 10-point increase in LE8 score corresponds to a 20% reduction in all-cause mortality risk.
Similar associations were found for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality, with reductions of 21% and 20%, respectively.

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the relationship between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scoring system and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among obese individuals using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data.

METHODS: Data from 9143 obese participants (BMI ≥30 kg/m) collected between 2005 and 2018 were analyzed. Participants were categorized based on their LE8 scores: low cardiovascular health (Low CVH, n = 2264), moderate cardiovascular health (Moderate CVH, n = 6541), and high cardiovascular health (High CVH, n = 338). Associations between LE8 scores and mortality were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. 2

RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 7.3 years, there were 867 all-cause deaths (9.5%), including 246 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths (2.7%) and 621 non-CVD deaths (6.8%). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, compared to the Low CVH group, the Moderate CVH group had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.55-0.72), and the High CVH group had an HR of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.10-0.60). For CVD mortality, the HRs were 0.61 (95% CI: 0.47-0.78) for Moderate CVH and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.03-1.38) for High CVH. For non-CVD mortality, the HRs were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.54-0.75) for Moderate CVH and 0.27 (95% CI: 0.10-0.72) for High CVH. Each 10-point increase in LE8 score was associated with a 20% reduction in all-cause mortality (P < .001), 21% reduction in CVD mortality (P < .001), and 20% reduction in non-CVD mortality (P < .001).

CONCLUSION: Higher LE8 scores are significantly associated with lower rates of all-cause, CVD, and non-CVD mortality among obese individuals. These findings support the LE8 scoring system as an effective predictor of health status and mortality risk.

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Life’s Essential 8 and Mortality in US Adults With Obesity: A Cohort Study

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