Revisiting Rosacea Through the Skin–Gut–Brain Axis: A Neuroimmune Perspective

Rosacea may be reframed as a neuroimmune disorder involving interactions between the skin, gastrointestinal system, and central nervous system.

• The skin-gut-brain axis is relevant for understanding rosacea, linking gut microbiota imbalance and neuroimmune signaling.
• Gastrointestinal inflammation and microbial imbalance are associated with neurogenic inflammation and skin immune responses.
• Central nervous system involvement may play an active regulatory role in rosacea, beyond peripheral symptoms.
• Key mechanisms include central sensitization, autonomic dysregulation, and stress-related neural modulation.
• This perspective suggests that rosacea could serve as a model for studying neuroimmune dysregulation across interconnected systems.

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