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Ruminant meat and milk contain δ-valerobetaine, another precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) like γ-butyrobetaine
Ruminant meat and milk contain δ-valerobetaine, a precursor of TMAO like γ-butyrobetaine
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Abstract
δ-valerobetaine was found at levels higher than γ-butyrobetaine in all ruminant samples.
- Quaternary ammonium compounds from meat and dairy products are metabolic precursors of trimethylamine (TMA).
- N-trimethyllysine transforms into δ-valerobetaine in the rumen of ruminants.
- This study confirms the presence of δ-valerobetaine in ruminant milk and meat for the first time.
- δ-valerobetaine can be broken down by gut bacteria to produce TMA, which is associated with trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a compound linked to atherosclerosis.
- The findings support earlier observations of free N-trimethyllysine being widespread in plants.
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