Impact of Sleep and Circadian Disruption on Energy Balance and Diabetes: A Summary of Workshop Discussions

Nov 14, 2015Sleep

How Sleep and Body Clock Problems May Affect Energy Use and Diabetes

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Abstract

Key principles for research on the effects of sleep and circadian disruption on energy balance and diabetes were identified at a workshop.

Collaboration between sleep/circadian researchers and metabolism/diabetes investigators may enhance studies in this field.
There is a need to translate findings from basic research into practical improvements for metabolic health.
Future studies should expand beyond insulin and glucose measurements to include more comprehensive phenotyping.
Assessments of sleep, circadian rhythms, and sleep-disordered breathing should be integrated into diabetes risk cohort studies.
Chronic adaptations to sleep disruption could occur, necessitating further exploration of their underlying mechanisms.
Research opportunities include investigating whether CPAP treatment for obstructive sleep apnea can prevent diabetes onset and whether time-restricted eating impacts obesity rates in humans as it does in mice.

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A workshop was held at the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases with a focus on the impact of sleep and circadian disruption on energy balance and diabetes. The workshop identified a number of key principles for research in this area and a number of specific opportunities. Studies in this area would be facilitated by active collaboration between investigators in sleep/circadian research and investigators in metabolism/diabetes. There is a need to translate the elegant findings from basic research into improving the metabolic health of the American public. There is also a need for investigators studying the impact of sleep/circadian disruption in humans to move beyond measurements of insulin and glucose and conduct more in-depth phenotyping. There is also a need for the assessments of sleep and circadian rhythms as well as assessments for sleep-disordered breathing to be incorporated into all ongoing cohort studies related to diabetes risk. Studies in humans need to complement the elegant short-term laboratory-based human studies of simulated short sleep and shift work etc. with studies in subjects in the general population with these disorders. It is conceivable that chronic adaptations occur, and if so, the mechanisms by which they occur needs to be identified and understood. Particular areas of opportunity that are ready for translation are studies to address whether CPAP treatment of patients with pre-diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevents or delays the onset of diabetes and whether temporal restricted feeding has the same impact on obesity rates in humans as it does in mice.

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Impact of Sleep and Circadian Disruption on Energy Balance and Diabetes: A Summary of Workshop Discussions

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