Association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy

Jan 5, 2024The British journal of nutrition

How sleep length and quality relate to eating habits, meal timing, and weight gain during pregnancy

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Abstract

Longer sleep duration was associated with a later dinner in the first trimester and an earlier dinner in the third trimester.

Longer sleep duration may be linked to changes in meal timing during pregnancy, with a later dinner in the first trimester and an earlier dinner in the third trimester.
Worse sleep quality is associated with higher total energy intake and fat consumption during pregnancy.
Increased meal frequency and shorter fasting times may occur with poorer sleep quality in the third trimester.
Sleep quality was linked to a higher body mass index (BMI) in the first trimester.

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To analyse the association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 100 pregnant women. Data collection occurred once during each gestational trimester. The assessment of sleep quality and duration was performed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Food intake was assessed using three 24-h recalls in each trimester. Body weight was measured during the three trimesters, and height was measured only once to calculate the BMI. Linear regression analyses were performed to associate sleep duration and quality with food consumption and weight gain variables. Longer sleep duration was associated with a later dinner in the first trimester (= 0·228,= 0·025) and earlier in the third trimester (= -0·223,= 0·026), in addition to a later morning snack in the second trimester (= 0·315,= 0·026). Worse sleep quality was associated with higher total energy intake (= 0·243,= 0·044), total fat (= 0·291,= 0·015) and the chrononutrition variables such as a higher number of meals (= 0·252,= 0·037), higher energetic midpoint (= 0·243,= 0·044) and shorter fasting time (= -0·255,= 0·034) in the third trimester. Sleep quality was also associated with a higher BMI in the first trimester of pregnancy (= 0·420,= < 0·001). Most of the associations found in the present study show that poor sleep is associated with higher energy and fat intake and higher BMI. Longer sleep duration was associated with a later dinner in early pregnancy and an earlier dinner in late pregnancy, as well as with a later morning snack in the second trimester of pregnancy. β P β P β P β P β P β P β P β P β P

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Association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy

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