Metabolic Effects and Comparison of Different Weight-Loss Surgeries for Obesity

Up to 90% of patients may experience nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery.

• Bariatric surgery is considered when other weight loss treatments fail.
• Significant and lasting weight loss is primarily achieved through surgical methods.
• Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, the most common surgery, has high long-term failure rates, with one in three patients needing another procedure within 10 years.
• Half of patients may regain weight after initial loss following surgery.
• Bone mass decrease and nutritional deficiencies are common, affecting up to 90% of patients.
• Psychological health may worsen post-surgery, with nearly 20% of patients meeting food addiction criteria.

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