Fluorinated compounds with thiazole parts as blood sugar-lowering agents targeting digestive enzymes: creation, computer modeling, and safety studies

Four thiazole hybrids showed moderate to potent activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, with IC values ranging from 0.982 ± 0.04 to 10.19 ± 0.21 μM for α-glucosidase inhibition.

• Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase may help in managing blood glucose levels for diabetes treatment.
• The thiazole hybrids were tested on STZ-induced diabetic mice for their hypoglycaemic effects.
• All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their effects on plasma insulin, urea, creatinine, GSH, MDA, ALT, AST, and total cholesterol.
• The most potent compounds exhibited IC values for α-glucosidase inhibition significantly higher than that of the standard medication acarbose.
• In vitro and in silico studies were conducted to analyze the interactions of these hybrids with the target enzymes.

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