Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide mediates circadian rhythmicity and synchrony in mammalian clock neurons

Mar 8, 2005Nature neuroscience

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide helps control daily rhythms and coordination in mammal brain clock cells

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Abstract

Loss of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) or its receptor VPAC(2) disrupted circadian rhythms in approximately half of all SCN neurons.

  • Vip(-/-) and Vipr2(-/-) mice exhibited two daily activity bouts in a skeleton photoperiod and multiple circadian periods in constant darkness.
  • The absence of VIP or VPAC(2) abolished circadian firing rhythms in about 50% of SCN neurons.
  • Disruption of synchrony was observed between rhythmic neurons lacking VIP or VPAC(2).
  • Daily application of a VPAC(2) agonist restored rhythmicity and synchrony in VIP(-/-) SCN neurons, but not in Vipr2(-/-) neurons.
  • VIP may coordinate daily rhythms in the SCN by synchronizing a small group of pacemaking neurons while maintaining rhythmicity in a larger subset.

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